Dr. Usman's Cardiology Notes

  Okay, in this article, we re just kinda condense and talk very briefly about some of the things that weren t covered in the disease specific videos relating to the cardiac system and some of the things that you really need to know. So, this is gonna bring about a lot of kind of electic is gonna seem a little bit random but we re gonna talk about the things that you really need to know for NCLEX just as quick points, okay? So, first of all, heart rate. What is a normal heart rate? Well, we all know that normal heart rate is 60-100. Sinus tachycardia is gonna be over 100 beats per minute and Sinus bradycardia is gonna be less than 60 beats per minute. And the way that we re obviously gonna assess that is gonna be through our EKG, we have our P, Q, R, S, and T. This is gonna be one complete cardiac cycle. This is the mechanical representation of one complete cardiac cycle and we re looking, hoping that our patients are between 60 - 100 beats per minute. That s gonna be normal. Sinus...

See the figure shown and answer the following questions a)       Describe the aortic pressure tracing b)       Describe normal Atrial pressure tracing c)        Describe atrial pressure tracing in tricuspid regurgitation d)       Effect of Tamponade on atrial pressure tracing Answers: a.       When aortic valve opens, pressure increases as blood flows into the aorta and reaches its maximum. Pressure falls as blood flows out of aorta and aortic valve closes   b.       " a " wave corresponds to right Atrial contraction and its peak demarcates the end of atrial systole. The " c " wave corresponds to right ventricular Contraction causing the tricuspid valve to bulge towards the RA. The " x " descent follows the 'a' wave and corresponds to atrial relaxation and rapid atrial filling due to low pressure. The " v " wave correspon...